Pop Music Has It Gone Too Far Essay Example For Students

Reading Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 24

Understanding Response - Essay Example The creator presents down to earth exhortation to female understudies on how they can assume liability in their lives. The viable rules of assuming liability of one’s life introduced by the creator uncovers the conviction that, in the event that ladies neglect to do as such, at that point things can just deteriorate for them. Now, it becomes hazy whether just ladies should assume liability or whether the whole society should put forth coordinated attempts in advancing the status of the ladies in the general public (Rich 27). The subsequent article considered is created by Amy Richards and Jennifer Baumgardner and titled, â€Å"A Day without Feminism.† This article viably encourages the peruser to envision how the status of ladies in the general public would in any case be if ladies in the past had not set out on activism that prompted expanded opportunity delighted in by ladies. The creators portray various parts of life that would have stayed harsh to ladies if woman's rights didn't develop. Absolutely concur with the perspectives on the creators on how life would be without woman's rights. Besides, it effectively uncovers the male centric perspectives that would even now characterize the general public while ladies remained totally latent. As indicated by these creators, ladies living in the 21st century and the new thousand years need to show appreciation to the ladies who portrayed coordinated endeavors in crusading for the privileges of ladies (Richards and Jennifer 30). This imprints one of the fascinating exercises that I gained from the content concerning how much present day ladies owe to the previous women's activists. This content is identified with other extraordinary writings concerning woman's rights, and the writers investigate ideas like those investigated by other women's activist writers. One of the inquiries that might be presented is, â€Å"when will ladies quit guaranteeing training and begin accepting it?† The subsequent inquiry would be, â€Å"How has woman's rights changed the lives of

Tokophobia Symptoms and Treatments for Childbirth Fear

Tokophobia Symptoms and Treatments for Childbirth Fear Phobias Symptoms and Diagnosis Print Tokophobia: Fear of Childbirth and Pregnancy By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 24, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 01, 2019 More in Phobias Symptoms and Diagnosis Causes Treatment Types In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Causes How Common Is Tokophobia? Tokophobia vs. PTSD Treatments Steps to Take View All Back To Top Tokophobia is the fear of pregnancy and childbirth. Women who have this phobia have a pathological fear of giving birth, and will often avoid becoming pregnant or giving birth altogether. This fear may lead women to avoid becoming pregnant, even though they want to have children or to opt for a Caesarean section in order to avoid vaginal birth. Tokophobia may occur in women who have never given birth to a child, but it may also affect women who have had prior traumatic birth experiences. Pregnancy and childbirth are major events in many women’s lives. While it can be a time of great joy, it can also be a source of stress and anxiety. Women often worry about the normal pain of childbirth and about the possibility of something going wrong. These are all normal concerns that almost all pregnant women experience to some degree. The normal anxieties that accompany bringing a child into the world are often dealt with using medical help, education, social support, and self-help strategies. Sometimes, however, this fear can become pathological and so severe that women will avoid becoming pregnant or giving birth altogether. Symptoms Tokophobia is a type of specific phobia, which is an anxiety disorder in which people feel an irrational and unreasonable amount of fear about a specific object or situation. Symptoms of tokophobia can include sleep disturbances, panic attacks, nightmares, and avoidance behaviors. Other symptoms might include: Feelings of dread at the thought of pregnancy and birthAnxiety and depressionExtreme fear of birth defects, stillbirth, or maternal deathInsistence on a Caesarean section for their birth Women may sometimes avoid any sexual activity out of fear of becoming pregnant. Those who do become pregnant may be more likely to request an elective c-section, feel greater trauma surrounding the birth, and may even have difficulty bonding with her baby. Men can also experience tokophobia. Researchers have found that men with tokophobia often have a severe fear regarding the health and safety of their partner and child. This fear tends to center on concerns over labor and delivery, medical treatments, decision-making, finances, and parental capabilities. Causes Tokophobia can develop due to a number of causes. Some factors that may contribute to its development can include a fear of the unknown, loss of control and privacy, past sexual abuse, fear of pain, a fear for the life of the infant, and/or a lack of trust in medical practitioners. Uncertainty over the labor and birth process can also come into play, as can the fear of birth-related complications such as preeclampsia and death. In addition, if a woman has poor social support, this can contribute to or worsen her fear of childbirth. There are two different types of tokophobia: Primary tokophobia occurs in women who have never experienced birth. It may begin during adolescence, although it can also occur after a woman has become pregnant. It may also be seen in girls and women who have been sexually assaulted or raped. Medical exams during pregnancy and childbirth may also trigger flashbacks of the original trauma.Secondary tokophobia occurs in women who have previously experienced pregnancy and birth. It is often the result of traumatic labor and birth. However, it can also occur in women who had normal, non-traumatic births, as well as women who have experienced miscarriage, stillbirth, pregnancy termination, or failed fertility treatments. Researchers have suggested a number of explanations to account for the development of tokophobia. Some of these including hearing about traumatizing accounts of childbirth experiences from other women, fear of inadequate pain management, and pre-existing psychiatric conditions such as anxiety and depression. How Common Is Tokophobia? It is completely normal to have fears and concerns about pregnancy and childbirth. Having a certain degree of fear can actually be beneficial in some ways since it prompts women to seek maternal care and advice in order to cope with these concerns. Such fear is actually quite common, with as much as 80 percent of pregnant women feeling some degree of anxiety and worry over things such as pain, health, and safety during birth. While such worries are the norm, the majority of women are able to cope with these concerns by learning more about the labor and delivery process, talking to other women, and consulting with their pregnancy care providers. In some instances, however, this fear can become so severe and debilitating that it may be diagnosed as tokophobia. It is unclear just how common tokophobia may be. Some research suggests that rates range somewhere between 2 and 15 percent, although there is evidence suggesting that as many as 20 to 25 percent of women may experience severe and debilitating symptoms of childbirth-related fears. Further Research In another study looking at prevalence rates, researchers estimated that only about 0.032 percent of women experience tokophobia. They note that there are important distinctions between fear of childbirth and tokophobia, although the two are often conflated. Fear of childbirth involves a continuum of fearful feelings and thoughts related to giving birth. Normal levels of this fear tend to be relatively low, while severe levels can affect a womans day-to-day functioning. Differences in the estimates of prevalence rates for tokophobia may differ based upon how the condition was defined by researchers. Women with relatively moderate levels of fear might be lumped in with women experiencing severe anxiety, and some women may have been misdiagnosed. Tokophobia vs. PTSD An estimated 3 percent of women develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childbirth. This rate goes up among women in high-risk groups. Symptoms of PTSD following birth can include flashbacks, hypervigilance, and nightmares about the event. Women are sometimes diagnosed with secondary tokophobia following traumatic childbirth when they actually have symptoms of PTSD. It is also not uncommon for postnatal PTSD or tokophobia to be misdiagnosed as postpartum depression. Distinguishing between these diagnoses is important in order to ensure appropriate and effective treatment. Treatments It is important that women with tokophobia receive treatment in order to ensure that both the mother and child are healthy. This can include receiving support from the womans obstetrician in coordination with a psychologist or psychiatrist. A mental health professional can help address some of the underlying reasons why the disorder may have developed in the first place, including pre-existing depression or anxiety conditions. Maternal health care providers can offer reassurance, education, and appropriate health care so that women feel that their fears surrounding the birth process and adequately addressed. Support Finding sources of social support is important. For many, simply knowing that there are people who are there to help them can be comforting. Studies have found that offering support to pregnant women with a severe fear of pregnancy and birth can be an effective strategy for minimizing symptoms. Such support can strengthen womens sense of self-efficacy and even reduce the number of elective c-sections. Effective support can occur one-on-one or through support groups. Such support is often provided by people that women already know, such as family member or friends, but it can also come from obstetricians, midwives, psychologists, or counselors. Having a positive birth experience has also been shown to reduce the fear of childbirth. One study found that women who felt that they were in control of their bodies and were well-informed about the progress of labor were more likely to show a decrease or elimination of fear symptoms. Many women seek out the guidance and support of other women who have already had experience with bearing children, often including mothers, sisters, family members, and friends. Research has shown that providing support to women with a severe fear of birth resulted in a 50 percent reduction in cesarean rates. Therapy Cognitive behavior therapy and psychotherapy can also be effective in the treatment of tokophobia. CBT can be a good choice due to its short-term duration and focus on specific symptoms. One study looked at the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy treatments in comparison to standard care. While the researchers found that both approaches led to reductions in fear, those in the CBT group showed a greater reduction in symptoms at one-year postpartum. However, only a small number of women completed the CBT treatment modules, which the researchers suggested indicated low feasibility and acceptance of this treatment approach. Medications Medications may also be used either alone or in conjunction with other treatment approaches to treat underlying depression, anxiety, or other psychiatric disorders. Treatment for tokophobia takes a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating both psychological and obstetric support. Having a birth plan in place that acknowledges a womans concerns can be helpful. Knowing that she will receive pain management upon request and is capable of choosing her method of delivery can be particularly important. Steps to Take If you feel that a significant fear of childbirth and pregnancy might be affecting your life, there are steps that you can take to get the help you need. Discuss your feelings with your doctor or midwife. Some anxiety is normal, and they may be able to provide reassurance and further assistance. Begin forming a birth plan. Talk to your doctor about your wants and needs, including your options for pain management and giving birth. Having a plan can help you feel more empowered and in control. Talk to people you trust. Knowing that there are people who understand your fears and are there to offer support can help reduce anxiety. Avoid childbirth “horror stories.” Hearing such stories can exacerbate your tokophobia. Instead, seek out good medical information and focus on positive experiences with childbirth. If people try to share stories that you do not want to hear, it is perfectly acceptable to ask them to stop. Take a prenatal support class. Learning about what happens during childbirth and what you can do to manage labor pain can help you feel more capable as your approach giving birth. Talk to a mental health professional. If your fear is interfering with your life, ask your doctor to refer you to a psychiatrist, psychologist, counselor, or another mental health provider who can offer further advice and assistance. A Word From Verywell While tokophobia is rare, it can have a major impact on a woman’s life and functioning. People who have this severe fear of childbirth may avoid becoming pregnant even if they do want to have a child. Proper support and treatment can address the fears that women may have surrounding pregnancy and childbirth, making it possible to manage symptoms and have a healthy pregnancy and positive birth experience. Be sure to talk to your doctor if you are concerned that you may have symptoms of tokophobia. 50 Tips for a Healthy Pregnancy

Comparing and contrasting the slave narratives of Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs Free Essay Example, 1500 words

This new focus has been evidenced in the narratives of Douglas and Jacobs (Jacobs 107). Jacobs’s narrative depicts the story of a woman who addresses their painful sexual past in order to publicize it and insist that the issue of sexual abuse of slave women be integrated in public discourse of the slave question. Her slave narrative tackles the issue of gender role and the strength of a person’s spirit. Her focus is not only on the slavery system but also the life of a slave. It enables one to trade in the mind of the slave and understand what went on in their minds. We can see what deterred the dreams of the slaves and also what made them possible, i.e. their community and culture (Jacobs 115). Jacobs, just like Douglas focuses on the role of the ancestor in the individual’s life and also that of the community. She portrays Lelinda grandmother as a woman who is full of skill and spirit. The slave narratives of Jacobs and Douglas differ from earlier literature s ince they highlight directly the pains the slaves went through and the reader is forced to experience what it is like to be an American slave. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and contrasting the slave narratives of Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page They were also kept uneducated and their illiteracy prevented them from understanding their world. Those who learnt to read and write such as Douglas and Jacobs always rebelled against their masters. The lives of Jacobs and Douglas in their narratives included different experiences but which allowed them to relate to each other’s stories. Both are born in slavery but experience happier times during their early childhood, until the time they both experience the loss of their mothers at an early age. They are both of the view that slavery destroys families. Douglas explains his emotions after losing his mother and says, â€Å"Never having enjoyed to any considerable extent her soothing presence, her tender and watchful care†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Douglas 117). Popular films and literature at the beginning portrayed slavery as field work that wasn’t as harsh as it was made to appear but narratives such as Jacobs and Douglas changed this view.

Payday Loan Bans What Happens When They Are Made Into Law

Payday Loan Bans - What Happens When They Are Made into Law Payday Loan Bans - What Happens When They Are Made into Law What will really happen if payday loans are banned? The consequences could prove wide-ranging and affect multiple stakeholders in the world s increasingly fragile economy. An article posted on the WashingtonPost.com conjectured that the United States would become a wonderful garden without all the tacky neon signs for payday loans that are common in most reas of the country. The article points out that New York state has always banned payday loans, which begs the obvious question: Why hasn t all of New York turned into such a beautiful urban landscape? Those same flashing signs are described favorably when referring to the lights of Broadway. Legal Bans of Payday Loans Could Open the Floodgates to Political Bans of Any Industry The end of payday loans doesn t take into account how censorship and political control of free enterprise are key steps toward socialism or communism. The ban doesn t give disenfranchised people any alternatives for emergency credit, and instead of protecting consumer rights, bans would limit people s options and force them to turn to other measures in financial emergencies. Fixing Problems in the Financial World Is Never Simple or Without Consequences Even a cursory study of the financial markets reveals that experts are worrying about multiple game-changing issues like Brexit, helicopter money, national debts and weakShow MoreRelatedPayday Loans Should Not Be Legal1705 Words   |  7 Pagesany potential losses if the loan defaults. Payday loans are also much quicker and easier to get than other types of credit, and the large number of payday lending outlets accompanied with typical long business hours (especially compared to banks and credit unions) only add to the borrower’s convenience. Consumers can even obtain a payday loan from the comfort of their homes simply by applying over the internet. In order to do so, all one needs to do is request a loan amount and provide some informationRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesEndnotes 367 Glossary 389 Company Index 395 Subject Index 398 v Contents PART 1 UNDERSTANDING HRM Chapter 1 The Dynamic Environment of HRM 2 Learning Outcomes 2 Introduction 4 5 Understanding Cultural Environments 4 The Changing World of Technology What Is a Knowledge Worker? 6 How Technology Affects HRM Practices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee Rights 7 Motivating Knowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 DecentralizedRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesworse, and these we have captured to add to learning insights. After so many years of investigating mistakes, and more recently successes also, it might seem a challenge to keep these new editions fresh and interesting. The joy of the chase has made this an intriguing endeavor through the decades. Still, it is always difficult to abandon interesting cases that have stimulated student discussions and provoked useful insights, but newer case possibilities are ever contesting for inclusion. Examples

Compare Two Research Articles Philosophical, Ethical, And Methodological Free Essays

Introduction This paper will compare the major characteristics of two research articles – which are different in philosophical and methodological approaches but are both related to the service of school social workers – and attempt to show the differences and similarities in ontology, epistemology, ethics, methodology and the methods of both pieces of research. The first research piece is a paper called â€Å"Managing school social work records† published in 2012 in which Garrett examines the results of a survey on the record keeping practices of 73 school social workers. This sample of school social workers belonged to the School Social Workers’ Association of America (SSWAA). We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Two Research Articles: Philosophical, Ethical, And Methodological or any similar topic only for you Order Now Based on the quantitative research and survey method, the researcher explored three relevant issues for school social workers, these were: practical issues, ethical issues and legal mandates. The purpose of Garrett’s research was to increase the school social workers practice of record keeping, improve their decision making skills, and to help them choose suitable information to include in workers’ records. Garrett’s article found that about 50% of all social workers were unfamiliar with record keeping policy and most of the respondents had a poor understanding about what they should record. It also found that they struggled to find appropriate ways to achieve goals or to overcome bad situations. The results of this research were then used to give the recommendation that school social workers needed more aid in their daily record keeping. It was explained that professional organizations have to train the social workers by offering workshops or classes that will teach them what information should be included or excluded, and the ethical and the legal policies that or importance to this recording. The second research article that will be used for this essay is called â€Å"Empowering school social work practices for positive youth development,† which is qualitative research carried out by To in 2006 in Hong Kong, China. To’s study investigates the way in which school social workers engage with 3 major dimensions of empowerment: the personal dimension; the school and community dimensions; and lastly, the institutional dimension. The sample used in To’s research consisted of 15 social workers, 10 of which were female and 5 being male. All of these had wide service experience in the schools and most of them had Master’s degrees. The purpose of this study was to explore the way in which school social workers dealt with different situations and how they influenced youth development by using diverse strategies with the students, and within the school, community and the relevant sectors of education. This was largely with the view of encouraging students t o participate in volunteer works. The findings of To’s research indicated that, in the school setting, the research participants played an active role in achieving empowerment. The relevant results provided insightful information for all other social workers who contribute services in the schools. Philosophical During undertaking social research, it is important to consider matters of both philosophical approaches, such as ontology and epistemology, and different research paradigms. These can affect the research technique and direction as it is launched from design through to its conclusion (Flowers, 2009). Hatch and Cunliffe (2006) draw attention to the fact that different paradigms â€Å"encourage researchers to study phenomena in different ways.† The two chosen pieces of research are related with different research paradigms – one of which is related with positivist and the other with interpretivist. Positivist is based on â€Å"values of reason, truth and validity and there is a focus purely on facts, gathered through direct observation and experiences and measured empirically using quantitative methods, surveys and experiments and statistical analysis† (Flowers, 2009). In addition to this, this paradigm is aligned with deductive or theory testing. However, in the case of interpretive it is argued that individuals and groups have an important role within situations that are based on their individual experience and expectations (Flowers, 2009). Interpretive consider that there is no single reality but that there are multiple realities. This paradigm is more aligned with inductive or theory building. Ontology Blaikie (1993) defined ontology as â€Å"the science or study of being† and adopts this definition for social science, explaining that what exist is either an objective single reality (objectivism) or it is not single reality, only a subjective reality (subjectivism). The ontological approaches behind the two researches seem entirely different. With regard to Garrett’s focus on statistical data, it can be considered that Garrett believes that there is an objective reality that allows for measurement. Ontological objective result means that it does not depend on the researcher. This is because the research only described numerical results which were received from the sample of respondents who completed the survey. This language is defined as representative of the reality. On the other hand, To’s study, which used qualitative research, can be seen to focus on a subjective reality where the researcher interpreted narrative data that was derived from a semi-structured interview. Epistemology Epistemology is â€Å"the theory or science of the method or ground of knowledge† and explains that what exists â€Å"may be known†, what â€Å"can be known† and what criteria must be satisfied in order to be described as â€Å"knowledge† (Flowers, 2009). In addition to this, Chia (2002) describes epistemology as â€Å"how and what it is possible to know†, while Hatch Cunliffe (2006) characterise epistemology as â€Å"knowing how you can know†. Flowers (2009) discusses that, as with ontology, both objective epistemology and subjective epistemology views can exist. Eriksson and Kovalainen (2008) describe the way in which a world can exist in view of an objective epistemology, as long as this is apparent and theory neutral; while, with a view of a subjective epistemology, no existence is possible to the apparent world beyond our subjective observations and interpretations. The two articles display a difference in their epistemological approaches. In the quantitative study, the researcher only described the results in relation to a paradigm of positivism; however, the role of the researcher is not important in influencing the data of the research. On the other hand, regarding to interpretivist epistemology, the researcher gives a weight role which influences the research and the understanding of the situations from the researcher’s point of view. Ethical Issue Ethics is one of the essential aspects in many sciences, especially in social sciences. May (2011) defines ethics as â€Å"concerned with the attempt to formulate codes and principles of moral behaviour.† All social researchers should pay attention to the social research ethics. Punch (2005) believes that all social researches should include ethical issues because social researchers deal with societies and people’s daily lives; fundamentally, all data derives from people. Therefore, it is not easy to avoid ethical issues in both qualitative and quantitative approaches, especially qualitative approaches. Punch (2005) also highlights the way in which the qualitative method approach is more likely to study ethical issues as qualitative research focuses on the more sensitive issues in peoples’ lives. To’s study (2006) asked questions about the personal lives of the respondents; for this reason he used a numerical code instead of actual names to give them independence and to make them feel more comfortable. However, To did mention the name of students who played roles in the social workers’ stories. Therefore, it can be argued that, on the one hand, that To mentioned a student’s name to try and show the school social worker’s achievements, in order to have positive effect on other social workers and encourage them to do the same. On the other hand, however, this could produce ethical issues for the researcher and the school social workers because they mentioned other people’s real names, when they could have used codes or false names. In the case of Garrett’s study, which used Survey Monkey as method for collecting data, he does not mention anything ethically relevant to the respondent. However, this website has some ethical issues; for ex ample, regarding to questions design, the respondents should answer all questions before the survey can be submitted which means there is no right to avoid answering some questions (Buchanan and Hvizdak, 2009). During the period of research, it is important for the researchers to make ethical decisions and consider what is to benefit the respondents or their research process. Furthermore, they have to assess themselves by asking a number of ethical questions (May, 2011). The articles of this essay are about school social work, so all behaviours and relevant ethics are necessary for the researchers and social workers to consider. Methodological Both articles have contrasting methodological approaches which are representative of their philosophical positions (ontology, epistemology). This part will attempt to compare both research methods – one of which is a quantitative method approach and the other is a qualitative method approach – and highlights the differences of the samples, data collections, data analysis and research findings. The two chosen pieces of research use different methods for data collection: one used Survey Monkey and the other used a semi-structured interview. The Quantitative research survey method is defined by Burton (2012) as â€Å"a techniques that uses a wide range quantitative research provides valuable figures based on a large number of population that can be incredibly useful and reliable because statistic and numeric data give certain validity to the research.† A Semi-structured interview is one of the types of interviews whereby the participants have more freedom and allows them to answer questions on their own terms, although it is still arranged and questions are specified (May, 1997). However, the strategy of choosing the samples for both methods is different. Regarding the question of the samples, there are great differences that can be seen. In Garrett’s study the sample composed a small list of members of the School Social Workers’ Association of America (SSWAA). They derived this list from 24 respondents from the United States of America and Canada, who were acceptable to represent the SSWAA. The researcher divided the list into even and odd members and randomly chose one of them to survey. Then the selected group participated in the survey after receiving an email that invited them to participate and explained the purpose of the survey. In total, 245 workers were invited to participate in the survey. Some of the emails were undeliverable and some other members were not completed which meant only 73 respondents completed the survey. This number is about 30% of the potential sample (Garrett, 2012). On the other hand, the samples of To’s research participants were derived from 13 various organizations of welfare in H ong Kong. There were different genders involved, 10 female and 5 male, with an average age between 30-39 years old; only 3 of the participants were in their twenties and 1 was in their forties. On average they had about 7 years’ experience as school social workers, while most of sample had a Master’s degrees (To, 2006). With respect to data collection, during the period of March to June 2005, To’s research (2006) was carried out and the method for data collection was one-to-one semi-structured interviews. Each interview was divided into parts and each part was 1.5 hour. In To’s research the first part of the interview targeted the micro- and meso-sphere services of school social work, meanwhile the second part of the interview targeted the macro-sphere. Furthermore there were some questions about participant’s own stories and their services which were offered in their daily practices. However, in Garrett’s study the quantitative research was undertaken in February of 2009 using Survey Monkey, which is one of the most common websites used for creating surveys. The questionnaire consisted 25 short-answer questions that focused on â€Å"the types of records kept, what was included, decision-making practices, use of the records, challenges, storage, disposal of closed recor ds, access to records, and district policies† (Garrett, 2012). However, the research had one qualitative question which was an open question that focused on the most challenging aspect of keeping records (Garrett, 2012). In the case of data analysis of Garrett’s research (2012), all 25 quantitative questions were analysed after downloaded into MINITAB 15. On the other hand, in the case of the qualitative question, this was analysed after being transcribed into word processing documents where it was defined and themes were â€Å"coded, counted and summarized† (Garrett, 2012). In spite of To’s Hong Kong’s research, the researcher processed the data analysis, step-by-step after transcribing the narratives. At the beginning of this process, To read the transcripts twice to find â€Å"meaningful units†, and then converted these units to codes and began an improvement level of data analysis. Next, To found that various stages of meaning were produced and arranged these as sub-themes. Finally, the researched sorted out similar sub-themes to the main themes of his study. Relevant with the findings of To’s research, it was mentioned that together, the narratives showed a comprehensive understanding of the multidimensional empowering practices of social workers in schools. To believed that these results would help other practitioners to deal with issues of empowerment. However, in Garrett’s study the more significant findings are that more than half of the participants could not successfully record assessment information and more than 75% of participants could not make decisions about closing a case. Therefore, the results of Garrett’s study should be organized with caution because there was a small size of respondents in relation to all the members of the SSWAA. In conclusion, this essay has tried to compare two social research articles which had similar topics but completely different philosophical, ethical and methodological perspectives. One of these studies used a quantitative research approach and the other a qualitative. Each study was they carried out in different places, America and China respectively, and in different period times. Garrett’s 2012 article focuses on the positivism paradigm, which tried to find out about the knowledge gap about practices of record keeping by school social workers. The data in Garrett’s study was collected using Survey Monkey, and the numerical data was analysed. To’s 2006 research was based on a different reality and tried to investigate the role of school social workers in influence youth development and encouraging students to volunteer. The study used a semi-structured interview to collect data. The results showed that they had a live role in achieving empowerment. It can be s een, therefore, that it is significant for all social researchers to concern their philosophical, ethical and methodological positions when undertaking research. References Blaikie, N. (1993) Approaches to social enquiry polity press, Cambridge uk. Buchanan, A. Hvizdak, E. (2009) â€Å"Online survey tools: ethical and methodological concerns of human research ethics committees†, in Journal of empirical research on human research ethics: an international journal, 4: 37-48. Chia, R. (2002) â€Å"The production of management knowledge: philosophical underpinnings of research design†, in Essential skills for management research, sage, London: 1-18. Eriksson, P. Kovalainen, A. (2008) Qualitative methods in business research, Sage. Flowers, P. (2009) â€Å"Research philosophies–importance and relevance† in Economic record, 3. Garrett, K. (2012) â€Å"Managing school social work records†, in Children schools, 34: 239-248. Hatch, M. J. Cunliffe, A. (2006) Organization theory, Oxford university press: Buckingham. May, T. (1997) Social research: issues, methods and process, Open university press: Buckingham. May, T. (2011) Social research: issues, methods and research, Mcgraw-Hill International. Punch, K. F. (2005) Introduction to social research: quantitative and qualitative approaches, Sage. To, S. M. (2006), â€Å"Empowering school social work practices for positive youth development: hong kong experience†, in Adolescence, 42: 555-567. How to cite Compare Two Research Articles: Philosophical, Ethical, And Methodological, Essays

Sole Survivor Essays - English-language Films, Survivor, McCunn

Sole Survivor This story is called Sole Survivor written by Ruthanne McCunn. It is based on a true story of one man's will to survive. It's an inspiration to all of mankind. This story is about a steward of the ship "S.S. Benlomond" which was torpedoed during the war. Lim was the only survivor. He survived on a wood life raft from the ship. Lim lived 133 days out at sea using his wits and will to keep him alive. Lim was awarded many tributes such as; a watch, the British Empire Medal, the Certificate of Honor, and the first foreign legal citizenship of the United States. Lim still holds to this day the record for the longest survival at sea. I think the author did a great job on this book. The detailing was very good, and very real. For example, "Exhaustion drained Lim's already depleted strength, blurred his vision, and muddied his thinking." (p. 72) This book was well written and well thought out. It was one of the few books I have ever enjoyed. I could really tell the author put a lot of time into this book. This book didn't have very many weaknesses to it but, like all books, it had a few. One thing I didn't like about the book was the constant rambling of his thoughts which made you uninterested in reading any further. For example, "His brothers had been similarly betrothed, and before they left Hainan, their parents had made a wedding for Gee Hin, so there would be a daughter-in-law to take care of the cow, pigs, chickens, and light farm work that the boys would no longer be there to do." (p. 82) I am not a person who likes to read, and if it just drags on about nothing, it fails to hold my attention. I think the author could have put a little more drama into it as well. In conclusion, I think overall this book was good. I would rate it 9-10 points. It was a book I feel fortunate to have read.

Greek Golden Age essays

Greek Golden Age essays This paper tells you about the Golden Age of Greece, which is from 500 to 350 BC. It tells about what Greeks did, who they worshipped, and other important things. The thing the Greeks are best known for, is their gods, and stories about them. The stories explained how things became. For instance, one story said that before the earth was made, there was a fight between a god, and a giant. The god killed the giant, and the parts of the giant became the earth. His teeth became the rocks, and his hair became the grass. His hands and feet became mountains, and his toes and fingers became trees. Some of the gods were Zeus, who was the ruler of all the gods, Hera was his wife, and Hermes was his messenger. Artemis was the goddess of the moon, and Apollo was the god of the sun. Poseidon was the god of the sea, Loki, the god of mischief, and, Dionysus, the god of wine. The Greeks, made sacrifices to the gods, so that the gods would honor them, and help them in times of trouble. They sacrificed animals, and other things that were special to them. The Greeks built temples, where they worshipped the gods. Each city had several temples, because each temple was used to worship one god. In each temple, there was a statue of a god that they worshipped. They had an extra big temple, and statue for the god that guarded their city. The Greeks had lots of heroes, who were like role models for their children. Hercules was the strongest man ever, and destroyed many monsters with his strength. Perseus had killed a monster called the Medusa. If someone looked at it, they would immediately turn to stone. Oddysseus beat the Trojans in the Trojan war, and on his way home, with his cunning, tricked, and killed many monsters. The Greeks are also known for their creativity, and knowledge in arts, such as making sculptures, music, and paintings. They made statues out of clay, gold, silver, and bronze. For instruments, they used harps and flutes. ...

The Invention and Development of the Wheel

The Invention and Development of the Wheel The oldest wheel found in archeological excavations was discovered in what was Mesopotamia and is believed to be over 5,500 years old. It was not used for transportation, though, but rather as a potters wheel. The combination of the wheel and axle made possible early forms of transportation, which became more sophisticated over time with the development of other technologies. Key Takeaways: The Wheel The earliest wheels were used as potters wheels. They were invented in Mesopotamia about 5,500 years ago. The wheelbarrow- a simple cart with a single wheel- was invented by the ancient Greeks. Though wheels are mainly used for transportation, they are also used to navigate, spin thread, and generate wind and hydroelectric power. When Was the Wheel Invented? Though often thought of as one of the earliest inventions, the wheel actually arrived after the invention of agriculture, boats, woven cloth, and pottery. It was invented sometime around 3,500 B.C. During the transition between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, the very earliest wheels were made of wood, with a hole in the core for the axle. The wheel is unique because, unlike other early human inventions such as the pitchfork- which was inspired by forked sticks- it is not based on anything in nature. The Inventor of the Wheel The wheel is not like the telephone or the lightbulb, a breakthrough invention that can be credited to a single (or even several) inventors. There is archaeological evidence of wheels dating back to at least 5,500 years ago, but no one knows exactly who invented them. Wheeled vehicles appeared later in various areas across the Middle East and Eastern Europe. The invention of the wheelbarrow- a one-wheeled cart used to transport goods and raw materials- is usually credited to the ancient Greeks. However, earlier evidence of wheeled carts has been found in Europe and China. Wheel and Axle The Bronocice pot is the earliest depiction of a wheel and axle. Â  Silar/Wiki Commons The wheel alone, without any further innovation, would not have done much for mankind. Rather, it was the combination of the wheel and axle that made early forms of transportation possible, including carts and chariots. The Bronocice pot, a piece of pottery discovered in Poland and dating to at least 3370 B.C., is believed to feature the earliest depiction of a wheeled vehicle. The evidence suggests that small wagons or carts, likely drawn by cattle, were in use in Central Europe by this time in human history. The first carts featured wheels and axles that turned together. Wooden pegs were used to fix the sledge so that when it rested on the rollers it did not move. The axle turned in between the pegs, allowing the axle and wheels to create all the movement. Later, the pegs were replaced with holes carved into the cart frame, and the axle was placed through the holes. This made it necessary for the larger wheels and thinner axle to be separate pieces. The wheels were attached to both sides of the axle. Finally, the fixed axle was invented, wherein the axle did not turn but was solidly connected to the cart frame. The wheels were fitted onto the axle in a way that allowed them to freely rotate. Fixed axles made for stable carts that could turn corners better. By this time the wheel can be considered a complete invention. Following the invention of the wheel, the Sumerians invented the sledge, a device consisting of a flat base mounted on a pair of runners with curved ends. The sledge was useful for transporting cargo over smooth terrain; however, the Sumerians quickly realized that the device would be more efficient once it was mounted on rollers. Modern Uses of the Wheel VISUAL ART PHOTOGRAPHY/Getty Images While the basic function of the wheel is unchanged, modern wheels are much different from the simple wooden wheels of the past. Innovations in materials science have made possible all kinds of tires for bicycles, cars, motorcycles, and trucks- including tires designed for rough terrain, ice, and snow. While primarily used for transportation, the wheel also has other applications. Watermills, for example, use water wheels- large structures with a series of blades along the rim- to generate hydropower. In the past, watermills powered textile mills, sawmills, and gristmills. Today, similar structures called turbines are used to generate wind and hydroelectric power. The spinning wheel is another example of how the wheel can be used. This device, invented in India over 2,500 years ago, was used to spin thread from natural fibers such as cotton, flax, and wool. The spinning wheel was eventually replaced by the spinning jenny and the spinning frame, more sophisticated devices that also incorporate wheels. The gyroscope is a navigational instrument that consists of a spinning wheel and a pair of gimbals. Modern versions of this tool are used in compasses and accelerometers.

The role of the female characters. How do they represent the feminist Essay

The role of the female characters. How do they represent the feminist issues that may have been occurring around the time work was written. please include Everyday Use, by Alice Walker - Essay Example It is the commitment by women to achieving equality in the society. There are various type of feminism namely; motherhood, medicine, legal rights, child abuse, working women, and conservative feminism (Walters 21). In this essay therefore I will look at the role of the female charactors and how they represent the feminist issues that may have been occurring around the time work was written. Women characters of the time Walker wrote this piece of work are portrayed to be had working and enthusiastic. After the demise of Mama`s husband and left her to take care of the family on her own, we find her perform different tasks like, during the day she puts on overall to signify the extent at which she works. She is described to be ‘big boned woman with rough, man working hands’. She performs various tasks such as killing and cleaning a hog, breaking ice to get water, milking animals among other duties. This brings the feminist issue of motherhood and of gender equality as the women of this time also played the roles that were perceived to be for the men (Hoffman 31) Women are portrayed as people who are had working and are of high ideals. This is seen in the character traits of Mama who does every thing possible to bring up her two little children despite being the only sole bread winner. She is also seen as a woman of high integrity and stature in the society. She wake up in the morning and puts on her overall ready to start her daily chores. These bring out the them of feminism and how constructive a woman can be in the society. It also implies that women just like men deserve equal rights and treatment. Walker also bring two contrasting lives lived by the two daughters of Mama. Dee is said to live a good lifestyle of the American culture which she acquired following her disappearance after the fire tragedy that burnt their house. On the other hand, Maggie’s life is portrayed to be miserable and is full of tribulations, at first

606 week 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

606 week 1 - Assignment Example For example, if someone is involved in criminal operations and security agents feel that getting into his system without his permission maybe the way to get evidence against him then that will be ethical. Also, if a company suspects something wrong is going on with its network then it maybe ethical to investigate the network connected to its network ( Bejtlich, 2003) . Ethical hacking is a good practice as it helps companies to enhance security of their computer system. Without proper audit of the computer system no real computer security exist. However, the certificate must be issued with a lot of caution and the authorized hackers should testify up on oaths. A Defensive Network Architecture is an information planning for the network security system which is well maintained and controlled and very closely monitored to identify weaknesses in the system (McClure et al., 1999). This architecture must be up to date to resist current forms of attack. Defensive network architect is important mostly for large organization since it helps to monitor their networks. Network monitoring also assist in evaluating environmental changes (McClure et al., 1999). For example, when there is an increase or decrease in traffic and assets which are currently maintained and secured. Our organization have an architecture in place which they use to control and monitor their security system. Since it is an organization which deals with confidential documents, this helps to secure their data. In conclusion, defensible network has become so important that on 14th March, 2014, Scott Air Force Base III marked a major progression when they signed a department of Defenses Joint Information Environment (Shelly, 2014). Shell, Petruske (2014) Cyberspace milestone reached for Air Force Network. Retrieved on 8th April, 2014

The Problem of Symbol in Philosophy :: Symbolism Religion Essays

The Problem of Symbol in Philosophy missing works cited "The man of the world" is indivisible from the point of view of the consciousness. The categories of space and time are disposed outside his mind, out of the limits of his conscience. "The wanderer everywhere" is a metaphysical hero; traveling along the landscape of thought, he moves absolutely freely, notwithstanding the national or temporal forms it (that is, the thought) takes. For all these are living forms, and the traveler is metaphysically alive. Therefore - Mamardashvilli and Montaigne, and Pascal, and Descartes, and Rousseau. And Proust, at last.... Listening attentively to "The Lectures about Proust", we find the talk of the doubles and cannot distinguish between the observer and the prototype. In the final layers of the French novel there glimmers the mind of the Georgian philosopher. The idea of the artist (in regard to the idea of the artist) arises in the soul of the thinker. The intellectual impression is impossible without the spiritual predisposition, without the inner catastrophe of the spirit. The spirit is understood as a principle of reviving of the soul, its coming into contact with the secret of the existence. The spirit is the unique and ideal substance, the objective foundation of the ontos that we survive at the highest point of the thought or passion. "I am a thinking thing... It is something doubting, understanding, asserting, denying, willing, unwilling and having imagination and feelings." The great "dualist" Descartes! You were the only one to understand the oneness of the being. The existence is a subjective experience of the reality of meanings, so the substance and the existence (but not the being) are on the opposite poles of the universal, like two pointed ends of the needle, which one can neither seize, nor break. Between them there lies the ideal infinity of abstract intentions; they are abstract in the sense that not a perceptive object, clear without any words, opposes it, but just the spirit, the mere idea. Otherwise the death. We cannot feel it, but we can symbolize it. Put it into shape by means of the intentional movement. The symbol arises there and then, where and when the existence and the spirit mingle in one and only point. The substance and its life are not broken into categories. They (that is, the substance and life) break the intellectual structures, keeping the intellect, which is capable to exist outside any plans, definitions and even explanations.

Belonging Essay Essay

Text One: The China Coin. The China Coin is a short fiction novel for adolescents composed by Allan Baillie, released in 1991. The text explores the instinctive human need we feel to belong culturally, within our family and to belong to a peer group. Following the life of an Eurasian teenager named Leah and her mother, Joan, as they journey to China in search of the missing half of a broken coin, which Joan’s father sent her before he passed away. The coin is the only connection the women have left with their lost family in China. Upon searching for the coin, the characters are not only discovering their extensive family, but the history behind it, giving them an ultimate sense of identity and belonging, bringing a positive change in both characters’’ mindsets. A relevant concept is that belonging may emerge through a person, object or place to enrich a community or group. A massive element of belonging within the text is the symbolism of the half-coin. A quote from page 35 states: â€Å"This broken coin has been in our family for a long time. The other half of the coin is kept by the family in our ancestral village. Perhaps the coin should become one again.† Outlining the coin acting as a connecting passageway between the members of the family, and showing the enrichment stowed upon the group. Baillie has used symbolism to portray self identity and cultural identity, much like the Simple Gift. â€Å"†¦and I looked up into the sky, the deep blue sky that Old Bill and I shared.’ (page.205) also indicates this connecting passageway through an object shared between individuals like Baillie. Another connection item in ‘The Simple Gift’ is the key Old Bill gives to Billy, symbolizing the key to all of Billyâ€⠄¢s problems, and also metaphorically unlocking the door to his future. Metaphors are also used in ‘The China Coin’. Metaphors are used to paint visual images, page 16 is a good example of this. â€Å"I am a giant, she thought.† This quote explains the self belonging issues Leah is experiencing. The idea that appearance effects how you belong is a strong and relatable one to the target audience of adolescents, giving insight that for a lot of young people, this is a firm and struggling issue.  This particular metaphoric example, is also a useful personal insight to how the character is feeling. Another successful way to directly express personal insight is through inner monologues. Baillie has used this particularly strongly on page 158. Quoting: â€Å"How long have you been here?†¦six weeks from that neurotic kid that feared her mother was going to throw some sort of spell to make her Chinese, but you’re not not Chinese either. It doesn’t matter anymore.† This extract reflects Leah’s feelings about her growing acceptance of her Chinese heritage in Red Star Village. The readers watch Leah progress from feeling as though she doesn’t belong in China but identified strongly with her Australian and European links. Leah was ‘not Chinese’, but the viewers watch as the experiences and contacts with friends and family in China change her outer appearance and she realizes it no longer matters. Inner monologues our personal thoughts emphasise the personal view of the character, ‘The Simple Gift’ displays numerous of th ese as the text is written in first person from alternating characters point of views. ‘The China Coin’ by Allan Baillie really exemplifies the ambition to belong, particularly in family and cultural groups, but also within a peer group, through symbolism, metaphors and personal statements, much like the prescribed texts, and selected other related texts.

How Temperature Affects Speed of Falling Asleep - 750 Words

How does temperature affect the speed of falling asleep? Insomnia related sleep problems impact 30% of American adults( Doheny). Many people with insomnia problems typically try traditional solutions for their sleep like a glass of warm milk, avoiding caffeine and a schedule but what about a room temperature? When you go to sleep your bodys wanted core temperature is decreased( Doheny). This drop in core temperature is what induces sleep(Bucklan). Though debated to be in ranges of 65 °F-75 °F and 60 °F-68 °F however, many doctors recommend the median of about 65 °F room temperature when sleeping. When at this temperature people are more likely to achieve REM sleep phase or rapid eye movement sleep phase which rejuvenates the body and is when†¦show more content†¦Getting this better sleep could in general improve how people feel(Gordon). This solution of course has quite a few drawbacks Dealing with Moral , Economical, Social, and Environmental issues. First off is it really Moral to force a large community of people to set their thermostats to a specific temperature? How is it in any way moral to force someone to sleep in the cold? Its not in any way. Then think about it its not moral to force someone to pay for the electricity bill they had no power over stopping which brings up the Economical issue. The American dollar is equivalent to .61 British pounds and its getting worse(Morley). This is caused by inflation and its making Americans well poor. If a person can’t spend money on things they want, the economy cant grow and its just going to make it worse. Then comes the Social issue. Not everyone falls asleep at the same time and everybody has a different sleep temperature( Doheny). This means that IF the time is forced to be 8 o’clock and you go to sleep at 7 you are still having trouble. Also if your temperature is out of the range you cant sleep. Lastly is the Environmental issue. Many people prefer to turn off the heater at night to save energy. The fact they save this energy means that less is needed. However, if everyone in America is forced to leave it on throughout the night more energy is needed. This sudden need would require a larger use of natural resources which could harm theShow MoreRelatedConsciousness and Dreaming2074 Words   |  8 Pagesof the duration of our time in which we are sleeping is expended in Stage 1. Non REM Stage 1 is the lightest stage of sleep and one begins to experience hypnic jerks which indicate that your body is falling asleep. Hypnagogic images are the hallucinations that people see once they begin falling asleep. 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